| 18 | 0 | 21 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
考虑到户外活动对儿童视力的保护作用，以数字照度计测量并统计了居住小区中9种户外测点及5种室内测点在不同数据采集季节(春、夏或冬)、时段(9:00至18:00)及天气(晴天或阴天)下空间光环境的光照强度变化，研究了儿童常处的居住区公共空间光照强度变化与空间要素的联系。研究发现：客观天气与时段对光照强度有直接影响，阴天或傍晚最低，晴天光照强度约为阴天的10倍，季节则由地理位置及气候不同间接影响光照强度分布；空间要素中建筑、植物、测试角度等条件均对公共空间光照强度有减弱作用；相较于室外无遮挡区域(如硬质活动广场),建筑围合的影响降幅为30 812～40 251 lx(p<0.001),植物为30 236～37 642 lx(p<0.001),随围合数量或配置密度增大而增大；侧向或背向光源相较于正对光源降幅在11 962～13 435 lx(p<0.001)。儿童公共空间设计时要综合动态考虑时间与空间要素。
Abstract：This study investigated light intensity fluctuations in children′s frequently used public spaces and its relationship with spatial environmental factors, considering the protective effect of outdoor activities on children′s vision. We measured illuminance at 9 outdoor and 5 indoor locations in a residential community across seasons(spring/summer/winter), times of day(9:00 to 18:00), and weather conditions(sunny/cloudy). The study found that weather and time of day directly impacted light intensity(lowest on cloudy days/evenings and the light intensity of sunny days is about 10 times that of cloudy days), while seasons indirectly influenced distribution. Buildings, vegetation, and measurement angles reduced illuminance. Compared to outdoor unobstructed areas, such as hard surfaced square, building enclosures decreased illuminance by 30 812～40 251 lx(p<0.001), vegetation reduced illuminance by 30 236～37 642 lx, with greater reductions associated with higher enclosure quantity or density. Side/back-facing reduced illuminance by 11 962～13 435 lx(p<0.001) compared to directly facing the source. The results highlight the need to integrate spatial and temporal factors when designing vision-friendly children′s spaces.
[1]HARRINGTON S.Shifting landscapes:The environmental impact of urbanisation on childhood myopia,obesity and diabetes[J].Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics,2024,44(2):237-240.
[2]LI C,MARUTHAVEERAN S,SHAHIDAN M F,et al.Cold city outdoor space utilisation patterns and constraints:A systematic review of empirical evidence[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2024,99:128439.
[3]PAGELS P,WESTER U,MÅRTENSSON F,et al.Pupils' use of school outdoor play settings across seasons and its relation to sun exposure and physical activity[J].Photodermatology,Photoimmunology & Photomedicine,2020,36(5):365-372.
[4]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.建筑照明设计标准：GB/T 50034—2024[S].北京：中国建筑出版传媒有限公司，2024.
[5]KNOOP M,BROSZIO K,DIAKITE A,et al.Methods to describe and measure lighting conditions in experiments on non-image-forming aspects[J].LEUKOS,2019,15(2/3):163-179.
[6]JIANG F,WANG D C,YIN Q X,et al.Longitudinal changes in axial length and spherical equivalent in children and adolescents with high myopia[J].Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,2023,64(12):6.
[7]VETTER C,PATTISON P M,HOUSER K,et al.A review of human physiological responses to light:Implications for the development of integrative lighting solutions[J].LEUKOS,2022,18(3):387-414.
[8]GUINDON G E,MURPHY C A,MILANO M E,et al.Turn off that night light! Light-at-night as a stressor for adolescents[J].Frontiers in Neuroscience,2024,18:1451219.
[9]SAMIOU A I,DOULOS L T,ZEREFOS S.Daylighting and artificial lighting criteria that promote performance and optical comfort in preschool classrooms[J].Energy and Buildings,2022,258:111819.
[10]PASSERON T,KRUTMANN J,ANDERSEN M L,et al.Clinical and biological impact of the exposome on the skin[J].Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology,2020,34:4-25.
[11]周卉惠.行为学视角下的中小学“空间环境-视觉健康”风险控制研究[D].武汉：华中科技大学，2022.
[12]HE X,SANKARIDURG P,WANG J,et al.Time outdoors in reducing myopia:A school-based cluster randomized trial with objective monitoring of outdoor time and light intensity[J].Ophthalmology,2022,129(11):1245-1254.
[13]覃绍媚，吴西西，劳明凤，等.户外活动与儿童、青少年近视发生发展关系的研究进展[J].广西医学，2021,43(6):754-756.
[14]MASRUROH B.The impact of outdoor time on myopia development in overweight children:Insights and future research directions[J].Journal of Public Health,2024,46(3):e565.
[15]MORGAN I G,ROSE K A,ASHBY R S.Animal models of experimental myopia:Limitations and synergies with studies on human myopia[M]//SPAIDE R F,OHNO-MATSUI K,YANNUZZI L A.Pathologic Myopia.[S.l.]:Springer,2021.
[16]ZHANG L L,QU X M.The effects of high lighting on the development of form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs[J].Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,2019,60(13):4319-4327.
[17]RAMACHANDRAN M A,CHONG L Y,TAN R K Y,et al.Intermittent exposure to bright light can prevent form-deprivation myopia in a monkey model[J].Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,2022,63(7):1888.
[18]WEN L B,CAO Y P,CHENG Q,et al.Objectively measured near work,outdoor exposure and myopia in children[J].British Journal of Ophthalmology,2020,104(11):1542-1547.
[19]WU P C,CHEN C T,LIN K K,et al.Myopia prevention and outdoor light intensity in a school-based cluster randomized trial[J].Ophthalmology,2018,125(8):1239-1250.
[20]MORGAN I G,FRENCH A N,ASHBY R S,et al.The epidemics of myopia:Aetiology and prevention[J].Progress in Retinal and Eye Research,2018,62:134-149.
[21]READ S A,COLLINS M J,VINCENT S J.Light exposure and eye growth in childhood[J].Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual science,2015,56(11):6779-6787.
[22]BHANDARY S K,DHAKAL R,SANGHAVI V,et al.Ambient light level varies with different locations and environmental conditions:Potential to impact myopia[J].PloS one,2021,16(7):e0254027.
[23]BOYCE P R.Light,lighting and human health[J].Lighting Research & Technology,2022,54(2):101-144.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13367/j.cnki.sdgc.2026.03.008
中图分类号:TU984.12;TU113
引用信息:
[1]张少杰,段元梅,肖铁桥.视力健康视角下儿童公共空间光环境营造影响要素探究——以淮南市某居住小区为例[J].山东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2026,40(03):9-16.DOI:10.13367/j.cnki.sdgc.2026.03.008.
基金信息:
安徽省住房城乡建设技术计划项目(2023-YF043); 安徽省装配式建筑研究院开放式课题项目(AHZPH2021ZR02)